Add sugar to your water and make sure it is completely dissolved before you add the lye. And keep it away from children and pets. Measure the fats/oils by weight and then place in a crock pot to melt on low heat. Because the water is used to dissolve the lye, the amount of lye will determine the amount of water. -    Stir the lye solution until all sodium hydroxide particles dissolve. (Note: Any equipment the lye touches needs to be neutralized in a mixture of white vinegar, soap, and water.) This method helps to keep temps down and milk from burning. among the beads) causes dissolution of NaOH generating heat. The lye solution is left to cool. Other things are much more flexible, like the amount of water that is used to make the lye solution. These liquids contain sugars, proteins and other compounds that require a slightly different technique for making lye solution. Stir until dissolved and allow to cool to room temperature. The lye solution is left to cool. Mixing water and lye creates an exothermic reaction that causes a dramatic temperature increase. I used city tap water. ), and stir gently to prevent any splashing. In soap making, everything is measured by weight, even the liquids. -    Take your weighed sodium hydroxide, the container with water and the spoon outdoors or to a well-ventilated area. Create a stronger brine by adding more salt. Do this just before dissolution because sodium hydroxide readily attracts air moisture, which results in formation of crust and clumps. While oldtimers used lard or tallow, nowadays, you’ll find many soaps use coconut oil, palm oil, olive oil, or shea butter. The most important element when making lye soap is the SAP Value (saponification values) of your oil.Saponification is the reaction that takes place to make your soap.. Once you're done stirring, rinse the spoon or put it in a container. How to Make Soap From Lye Water. Lye flakes (amount depends on your soap recipe), Distilled water (amount depends on your soap recipe). Ingestion of lye is often fatal. Lye solution is an odorless and colorless liquid that resembles water. To begin, put on your safety goggles and rubber gloves, and make sure your work space has good ventilation. To make natural soap using your liquid lye, you just need three ingredients: lye, water, and some sort of fat/oil. -    Disposable measuring cup (for weighing sodium hydroxide). Buckets are great to make soap in. -    Continue pouring sodium hydroxide in small portions and stir to enhance dissolution. Then, combine them by pouring the lye into the water, stirring the mixture until the lye fully dissolves in the water. Stir gently. Put the pitcher on the scale, and zero out the weight. Water is used to dissolve sodium hydroxide lye so it can react with the oils and start the saponification process. Print out the results from the lye calculator and have it available to you as you start to make your soap. The SAP Value of a chosen oil allows you to calculate the correct amount of Lye (Sodium Hydroxide – NaOH) needed to fully saponify it when making homemade soap using cold process.. Soap makers usually use distilled water, but any soft water is fine. 3. Make sure pets and small children are not in the room and always wear goggles and waterproof gloves. Place the mason jar on the scale, and zero out the weight. At first, you have oil, water, and lye which undergo a curing process and these components are transformed into soap. If your soap recipe calls for adding sugar or salt to the lye solution, add it to the water before you mix in the lye. This recipe makes about 2 pounds of soap which will produce about 7-8 bars of natural soap. Step 1Measure out the water and add to mixing container. Turn off the phone; you do not want to be interrupted to answer it anyway. Be aware that the mixture might be very hot at first—even around 200 degrees Fahrenheit. Never allow this to become a routine- you need to be careful each and every time as if it were the first time. To understand the substitute for lye in soap making, you must first know what it is and how it works. During dissolution, the lye solution becomes cloudy, but this will disappear within a few minutes when it becomes clear again. It is highly recommended to familiarize yourself with the properties of sodium hydroxide and its solution and the safest way how to handle it. Now you’ll need to carefully make the lye solution. Prepare the space If you splash lye water on your hands or clothes, immediately rinse the affected area with water. The first step of making lye soap is to measure the lye and water in two separate stainless steel bowls, using a kitchen scale. 2. Generally, here’s what the final steps involve: After pouring the soap into the mold, let it sit for 24 hours. Using too much water may produce soft bars of soap, may demand extra drying time, or may encourage rancidity. After a brief stir, grab your stick blender and get to work! When this happens and the lye solution becomes clear, place it in a secure, cold place to cool down. The hot solution releases steam and toxic fumes, so pay attention not to inhale them. 2.3oz) Thermometer (a cheap candy thermometer works fine) Mold to pour soap in; Wax paper to line mold if necessary; Towels for incubating mold. Mix by adding lye to room temperature or cool water in a sturdy glass container. The key is to use rendered fat. This yields a slurry of residue in a potassium hydroxide solution. Materials Lye flakes (amount depends on your soap recipe) Distilled water (amount depends on your soap recipe) Sugar or salt (optional) My recipe for single batch lard and lye soap. -    Safety equipment: When handling sodium hydroxide and lye, wearing gloves, goggles, long sleeves and pants is mandatory. Gently stir the mixture until the lye is completely dissolved. Transfer the wood ash you’ve collected in your metal buckets to the barrel. Avoid clumped sodium hydroxide because it is a sign that it was exposed to air, so that there is an unknown portion of moisture and compounds formed in the reaction between NaOH and carbon dioxide. You should never pour water over solid sodium hydroxide, because it will lead to a very violent, volcano-like reaction. Never use hot water when mixing and never ever add water to the lye. Also, sodium hydroxide readily reacts with carbon dioxide in air to form sodium carbonate, which consumes a certain portion of sodium hydroxide. Small children and pets must stay away from your working area, preferably out of the room. The term soleseife can be used for soap made with sea water or your own homemade brine. As pouring and stirring continues, the lye solution generates more and more heat and it easily can reach 80-90oC (175-195oF) until the end of the process. This is fine, as lye naturally gives off heat as it dissolves. Adding lye to room temperature water can cause the water to reach temperatures up to 200 ° F. If you search online you will find a host … When cold, pour off the liquid part which is your lye. Refer to your chosen soap recipe for the precise measurements of the solution. The easiest method is to incorporate the sugar while making your lye-water solution. David Fisher has been making soap for over 15 years. Fill the barrel with wood ash. Step 2Weigh out lye and add to water. -    Stainless steel spoon, with a protective handle for stirring lye during dissolution. If it is done so anyway, lye fumes irritate the lungs. When the first portion of sodium hydroxide poured into water begins to dissolve, the heat starts to generate. NEVER handle lye without goggles and gloves. So don't place it near anything heat sensitive. Never heat lye on the stove, and never place it in the microwave. This recipe has been superfatted at 20%. -    Additives (optional): Some additives like silk, salt, sodium lactate, or certain colorants can be added to water or lye solution in order to enhance their dissolution or incorporation into soap batter. If you are using my how to make soap recipe, just add the two amounts of the lye and water together. 7 Easy Steps to Homemade Lye Soap for Beginners Step #1: Fats and Oils The water is only there to dissolve the NaOH. For beginning soapmaking, we recommend a lye discount of 5% 1 and a 33% lye solution 2 (twice the amount of water as the amount of lye. The liquid dissolves the lye and creates a lye solution. (Total Weight of Lye Water Solution) − (Amount of Lye) = (Amount of Water) For example, to make just over 2 pounds of olive oil soap, measure 32 ounces of olive oil and 4.33 ounces of lye because 32 ounces of olive oil × 0.1353, which is the saponification value for olive oil, = 4.33 ounces of lye. You can use homemade lye just like you would with any soap recipe. A gallon bucket will hold up to 6 pounds of soap. Next, pour the essential oils into a mixing bowl, and slowly stir the lye and cold water in for 5 minutes. Open the container of lye flakes, and carefully weigh the amount you need in the mason jar. Ingredients: 1 pound of lard = 25 cubic inches - The same size as1 pound of butter.. 2.2 ounces of lye crystals = negligible volume increase.. 5.4 ounces of water = 10 cubic inches. Once the lye water has turned from cloudy to clear, leave it to cool for 10 minutes. Once you up your production (learn about master-batching), you can use five-gallon buckets to make batches of soap up to 40 pounds. Once cool, carefully remove the soap from the mold. It’s also important that your lye is an appropriate soaping temperature. You probably get some of your raw materials in buckets. If you need more lye water, repeat the process with fresh water and ashes. Typically, a recipe uses about 22% liquid. However, while you are working with the lye solution, you must do so carefully and take safety precautions. This is because water poured over a pile of sodium hydroxide causes formation of a moist crust on its surface. Select your chosen oils, along with the weight or percentage. So if your recipe calls for 4 of lye… make your lye solution with 4 oz lye and 4 oz water. It’s as simple as that! Once melted, add the lye/liquid mixture to the oils in the crock pot and stir. The crust on the surface prevents releasing of heat and steam, which causes the pressure under the crust to increase, and the crust breaks in a violent eruption. This tutorial provides the basic steps to make a lye solution. Then, mix some essential oils together in a separate jar, and heat the oils up in a pan of water on the stovetop. Lye or sodium hydroxide is a chemical that is made from salt and it mixes with oil to become soap. Now it's time to add the lye to the water in the pitcher. Sodium hydroxide beads or flakes are slowly poured into distilled water and carefully stirred until fully dissolved. The mixture will start to heat up and might even steam or bubble. Prop the barrel up on sturdy blocks. In this episode I go over how to make home made soap the old fashioned way. Always add the lye to the water, not the other way around. Then it is ready to be mixed with oils. This yields a slurry of residue in a potassium hydroxide solution. Soap making equipment and materials to avoid, Beet root juice as a natural red colorant. After stirring, put the lid on the pitcher, and set it in a safe place to cool. The lye calculator will tell you the possible ranges of lye to use. Clean up any spilled lye immediately. He currently owns Bath Rabbit Soap Company and is the author of "The Complete Photo Guide to Soap Making. Long-term exposure leads to lung damage. As soon as you have the correct amount, tightly close the lye container and put it in a safe place, so you don't accidentally spill it. Use an immersion blender to mix the soap. Making Lye Water 1. Wearing gloves and safety goggles, carefully and slowly pour the lye into the water. -    Heat-proof, non-reactive container (stainless steel is recommended) equipped with protective handles. To make lye intended for making soap from scratch, solid sodium hydroxide (NaOH) must be dissolved. Then, it's time to proceed with making the soap following your chosen soap recipe. If sodium hydroxide is poured suddenly, it can cause water to boil, which is particularly dangerous when it comes to large batches. -    Lye should be dissolved outdoors or in some well-ventilated area. -    Weigh cold distilled water according to recipe and pour it into a container where you will dissolve sodium hydroxide. Sodium hydroxide beads or flakes are slowly poured into distilled water and carefully stirred until fully dissolved. Too much lye can bother your skin. Water is needed to dissolve the lye (sodium hydroxide) and for the hydrolysis of the fats. Making soap from lye water is as easy as mixing it with fat or oil. When sodium hydroxide dissolves in water, it produces noxious fumes that are caustic and must not be inhaled. Experienced soap makers sometimes use liquids other than water (so-called “alternate liquids”), such as milk or fruit and vegetable juices. Dissolution of sodium hydroxide is an exothermic process - it generates a great amount of heat that your container has to withstand. Once tallow is 100 degrees F, take the lye and water outdoors. You can discount that to make a more concentrated lye solution. -    Water: Use chilled distilled water to prevent generation of excessive heat while lye is dissolving. If you are using weighed amounts, add the weights of the lye and water together and use this amount. Well, it is simple indeed, but since sodium hydroxide is highly caustic, and thus a very dangerous chemical, ultimate care should be taken when handling it. Pros of water discounting Stephanie, soap has always been lye soap, made with lye, since they first started making soap. The lye solution triggers a chemical reaction that turns the oils of a soap recipe into solid soap. As the soap cures, the water evaporates and creates harder, longer-lasting bars. If your lye cools down more than you need (or if you use master-batched lye), you can re-heat it using warm water bath. If your soap recipe calls for it, this might be a good time to add salt to the water, too. If clumped sodium hydroxide is poured into water, it can cause dangerous splattering. And in that process, the lye—which is a caustic chemical that can burn skin and eyes, as well as be harmful when inhaled—becomes neutralized. Prepare your equipment and workspace in advance, and follow the procedure strictly. Using more or less may affect how the soap mixes up, but in the end the water evaporates out and the finished, cured soap is what’s left. Wear such clothing that can be easily and quickly removed in case you spill some lye on it. I doubt if people used distilled water 200 years ago. 30 to 50 grams of your favorite essential oils or fragrance oils (you will need a bottle of 30 to 60 milliIitres the equivalent of 1 to 2 fluid ounces). Remove the pitcher from the scale. Ten cups of ashes and 3 litres of rainwater will make an average strength lye, so there’s no need to test the strength. Put a half pound of unslaked lime into 2 gallons of water. Container dedicated to lye water (I use an old plastic container) Digital scale that weighs in ounces to the tenths place (e.g. Then it is ready to be mixed with oils. When camping, you can make a crude soap simply by stirring campfire ashes and a bit of water into a greasy pan! All you need to do to make lye is soak the ashes in water. -    Solid (dry) sodium hydroxide: It should be of high purity (at least 97%) and entirely dry and flowable. The water that penetrates inside the pile (i.e. To prevent misidentification, the container holding lye must be clearly labeled and kept somewhere safe, so that no one can reach it and accidentally spill or drink it. Position the bucket. Get DIY project ideas and easy-to-follow crafts to help you spruce up your space. -    Weigh your sodium hydroxide beads/flakes accurately into a disposable cup using a digital scale. To make a brine with the same salinity of sea water, measure 4.5g (0.16oz) of sea salt or dead sea salt into 124g (4.37oz) hot water. Avoid hard tap water due to the minerals contained in it that react with soap molecules making them insoluble, and thus ineffective. -    Never leave lye unattended. The lye solution is ready to use when it cools down to about 100 degrees Fahrenheit. You can also make a lye solution with lye and water being equal parts. Not just homemade soap, but even the soap that you buy at the store is made with lye, but once the soap is made, the lye is converted in a chemical reaction into soap. For added safety, consider labeling the pitcher, so others know what's in it. -    Slowly and carefully, pour a small portion of sodium hydroxide into cold water (not vice versa! Obtain this by heating fat, lard, and vegetable oil. To make handmade soap, start by mixing lye and cold water in a canning jar. Avoid plastic spoons because they melt and deform in contact with hot lye. The first and often the most daunting step when making cold process soap is mixing the lye-water solution. Mount the barrel on sturdy blocks so the holes underneath are accessible. To make cold process soap, lye is introduced to a liquid like distilled water. Add 4 oz milk to the melted oils. Recipe 2: The result can be instantly adjusted by changing your preferred superfatting level or water/lye ratio, see below for the full calculator instructions and formulating soap guide. Measure and weigh each separately first. Then, weigh the amount of distilled water that your soap recipe calls for. After you make the solution, you'll be ready to proceed with the next steps of your soap-making process. Then add the same amount of milk to the oils before you add the lye solution. Just like soaping oils, a great lye temperature for soaping is 120-130 ° F. Adding lye to water causes a exothermic reaction that causes the lye water to reach temperatures up to 200 ° F. Because the lye solution becomes so hot, it needs time to cool for soaping. So then it would be one cup total (¾ cup water and ¼ cup lye). Stir the water well to make sure the sugar or salt is completely dissolved. Gradually stir in the lye with your stainless steel spoon, being careful not to splash. Do not breathe the fumes given off by the mixture. Cover all exposed skin surfaces. Use a lye calculator to make sure all you use the right amount of lye! The lye soap calculator will then show the total weight of lye and water required. Adding the water to the lye can cause a volcano-like reaction with the mixture bubbling over. ", Set the Lye Solution in a Safe Place to Cool, How to Make Cocoa Butter and Shea Butter Soap, How to Make Bastille Soap for Sensitive Skin, 3 Ways to Add Sugar to Your Soap Recipe for More Lather, Soleseife or Brine and Salt Water Soap Recipe, Benefits of Hot Process Soap Using a Crock Pot, How to Make a Milk Soap Using Heavy Whipping Cream. Natural color and additives can be added to these ingredients. Add 6 pounds of washing soda and boil gently for 1 hour or so. To make lye intended for making soap from scratch, solid sodium hydroxide (NaOH) must be dissolved. Glass Measuring/Mixing Bowls It is fairly quick and easy, even if you're new to making soap. Process To Make Lye All you need to do to make lye is soak the ashes in water. Don't set it on a table or other surface where it could spread drops of the lye water. Carefully pour the lye water into the tallow. The liquid is caustic, so make sure not to touch it or breathe in any fumes. To make lye in the kitchen, boil the ashes from a hardwood fire (soft woods are too resinous to mix with fat) in a little soft water, rain water is best, for … You need to drain the lye water and then, if desired, may concentrate the solution by heating it to remove excess water. -    Prevent any distraction when working with lye.
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